| 摘要: |
| 潜艇在水下运动产生的内波尾迹包含丰富的物理特性和电磁散射信息，其检测与分析对目标识别和海洋监测具有重要意义。然而，复杂的海面环境和内波尾迹特性使得传统方法难以实现鲁棒检测。本文围绕潜艇内波尾迹的建模、成像与检测展开研究，提出了一种基于合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar，SAR）图像的潜艇内波尾迹探测方法。首先，构建了海面与潜艇内波尾迹的复合模型，分析了尾迹的生成机理及海面对其的影响；其次，基于电磁散射理论研究了内波尾迹的散射特性，并通过仿真验证了内波尾迹的可见性；然后，结合SAR成像机制，仿真了不同海况下的内波尾迹SAR图像；最后，提出了一种结合稀疏低秩分解的鲁棒主成分分析（Robust Principal Component Analysis, RPCA）与形态学处理的内波尾迹检测算法，有效提取了尾迹的空间分布及几何特征。实验结果表明，所提方法能够在海面背景下准确分离和检测内波尾迹，具有较高的鲁棒性和适应性，为SAR在海洋监测中的应用提供了理论支持与实践参考。 |
| 关键词: 合成孔径雷达 潜艇内波尾迹 电磁散射 尾迹检测 鲁棒主成分分析 形态学处理 |
| DOI：DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2337.2025.06.004 |
| 分类号:TN951；TN958 |
| 基金项目:青岛市科技惠民示范专项项目（No.24-1-8-cspz-5-nsh）； 国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目（No.U22A20586）； 中国石油大学（华东）校级教学改革项目（No.CM2024045）； 中国石油大学（华东）研究生教学改革项目（No.YJG2024050） |
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| Simulation and Detection Method of Submarine Internal Wave Wake in SAR Imaging |
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ZHOU Peng, SHI Libo, ZHANG Xi
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1. College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;2. First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
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| Abstract: |
| The internal wave wake generated by submarine movement underwater contains rich physical characte-ristics and electromagnetic scattering information, and its detection and analysis are of great significance for target recognition and ocean monitoring. However, the complex sea surface environment and the unique properties of internal wave wake make robust detection challenging using traditional methods. Focusing on the modeling, imaging and detection of submarine internal wave wake, a method for detecting submarine internal wave wake based on synthetic aperture radar （SAR） images is proposed in this article. Firstly, a composite model of the sea surface and submarine internal wave wake is constructed, and the generation mechanism of the wake and the influence of the sea surface on it are analyzed. Secondly, the scattering characteristics of the internal wave wake are studied based on electromagnetic scattering theory, and the visibility of the internal wave wake is verified through simulation. Then, combined with SAR imaging mechanism, SAR images of internal wave wake under different sea conditions are simulated. Finally, a robust principal component analysis （RPCA） algorithm combining sparse low-rank decomposition and morphological processing is proposed for detecting internal wave wake, effectively extracting the spatial distribution and geometric features of the wake. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately separate and detect internal wave wake in the background of the sea surface, with high robustness and adaptability, providing theoretical support and practical reference for the application of SAR in ocean monitoring. |
| Key words: synthetic aperture radar（SAR） submarine internal wave wake electromagnetic scattering tail detection robust principal component analysis morphological processing |
